Glutathione
for a Healthier Pregnancy
Copyright
© 2004 Priya Shah
All parents-to-be
nurture the dream of a healthy pregnancy and baby.
But the
modern environment and diet is deficient in many factors essential for
the health of mother and fetus. One of those factors is antioxidants.
The role
of antioxidants like folic acid in preventing birth defects like spina
bifida and cleft palate is well known. It is now included in all prenatal
vitamin supplements.
But the
role of antioxidants like glutathione and Vitamin E in pregnancy is
often overlooked.
Glutathione
is the body's master antioxidant. It helps to regenerate stores of other
antioxidants like Vitamin C and E.
It also
protects both mother and fetus from the damaging effects of free radicals
and oxidative stress.
Many pregnancy
complications and birth defects have been linked oxidative stress, free
radical damage and low glutathione levels in the mother and fetus.
Environmental
and lifestyle factors are known to cause oxidative stress and lower
glutathione levels - resulting in birth defects, abortion and miscarriages
in pregnancy.
Some of
the known teratogens (causing birth defects) in pregnancy include:
o Radiation
o Pesticides and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
o Air pollution
o Heavy metals (mercury, cadmium, arsenic)
o Vinyl chloride
o Acryonitrile
o Excess Oxygen (hyperoxia)
o Anti-psychotic and anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs)
o Thalidomide
o Cigarette smoke
o Alcohol (ethanol) consumption
Maternal
health factors that increase free radicals and cause birth defects include:
o Diabetes
o Pre-Eclampsia
o Infection and Inflammation
Numerous
studies have shown that glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, and E are crucial
in the development and growth of the fetus, maintenance of a healthy
pregnancy - and, even before pregnancy, in fertility and conception.
Glutathione
and other antioxidants attenuate oxidative stress in pregnant women
with inflammation or maternal conditions like diabetes and pre-eclampsia,
and in fetuses at risk for developing cystic fibrosis.
Supplementation
with glutathione precursors and antioxidants can decrease the incidence
of birth defects and protect both mothers and the fetus from the damaging
and possibly fatal consequences of pregnancy complications.
Glutathione
(GSH ) also prevents or minimizes the oxidative stress that occurs during
labor and the birth process.
Perinatal
or birth asphyxia/hypoxia (deprivation of oxygen supply to the brain)
in preterm deliveries and labor can lead to cerebral palsy, respiratory
distress syndrome, irreversible brain injury, and permanent neurological
and intellectual handicaps.
Administration
of the glutathione precursor, N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC), to the pregnant
mother partially prevents oxidative stress during the birth process
in premature infants.
Currently,
the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology advises all pregnant
women to take a prenatal vitamin containing antioxidants.
In addition,
they advise eating lots of fresh fruits and vegetables, the best sources
of antioxidant protection.
Read a
detailed report with references on the
role of glutathione in pregnancy.
About the
author:
Priya Shah is the Editor of The
Glutathione Report, a newsletter featuring regular updates on the
health benefits of glutathione. Get a Free
report on Glutathione in Health and Disease
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